Heating-furnace.



No. 8665635. EEBNTED SEPT. 24V, 190?.

' Bi E. BLBREB.

HBATIRG Prmorrrnn finas aim. s1, um.

@mW/wane Y j; Y Y Y I num/do@ Y Y ttnw'us n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BYRON IC. llhllltl'lll, Ol" lllijOlilllNli, MASSAUH [.ISE'TTS, ASSIGNOH 'l'O UOMHUSTION UTlLITIl COMPANY, Ulf NEW YORK, Y., A CORPORATION Ol" NEW YORK.

HE ATING-FURNACE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 24, 1907.

Application filed Sept-umher 231,1904. Serial Nn. 225,395.

To all whom 'it muy concern:

le it known that l, Bynum' lll, mmlan, n citizen nl the United Stntcn, und n rcsirlcnt nl llmnkllne, in the vcnterl certain new and umrul Impmvmnentsin lleuting-l"nrn;nres, ul which the lnllnwing is :i Ssecil'eenlwn.

This invcntinu whites to thi: nrt nl' heating mi Y, tds whe-rc 'the flame ,plays over thc :mitertte el; a lira-.wth Ur Suppnrt, an in lie` vnriuns kinds of revnrberntery furnaces,

In ease nl furnaces fur roasting, culcning, er smelling eres, nnittcs nml ether matcrialn, pnlldling iron, melting glass, hinting plates nud billets, and puller-ming other operations which nre ceznmnnly carril-ul un in rvcrhemtm'y furnaces, it is l'reqnentl'y nl" advantage tu apply the llame at a particular point er tu naive it snnxewhcre 11s-nr :t predctcrmimd unnpcmturc, er tft Scauri. hnth ul these results, sn tlmt thc mnterinls may be lecully heated, and, when desired, unlurnrly heated throughout their entire extent er urea' any predeter mined zu'cn. Furthermore in mamy nl these opera- ?Tnns :nl intens@ heut is lcslred 'nt spine one or more points er stages in the process, the attainment el which at the proper pniul. or Stngc has hemtnlure been :ittcnd ed with considerable diflicnlty iu moet cus-es and in prns ticnlly all canes n ith great, extravagance in the cnn snlnptiun el' uel, nluch el the hcztt lis-ing uselesslys flevelupcd and thrmvn away. My invention enables me to centrul these Hunters perfectly. The prulcrred means which I adopt tu this end cvnsists in the exnplnyment of n suitable llame ur gns-currenh preferably nl n vohnnnons tnrdily-bnrning character, which may be nbtnincd neem-ding tu the method described in my Patent No. 692,25?, February 4, i902, by passing tlirungh the fire nn the grate nr seat nl initial cl n nl nis n a dmt-current composed 0f ail' und a predetermined quantity el diluent derivable in the lern; nl products of combnntinn, etc., from the Binck or lahm-awry el the lnrnace. Under purper werking conditions auch predncts el colnhnstion comprise a. gaseous mixture el the hurncd-out er oxidized combustibles together with nir which has been largely impoverished el its nigga-.n hy the burning cn' oxidizing el the Lulnhustibif. This mixture, hy rennen nf the prependemuee nl' its nenLr-nl clmstituents, is neither a. combustible nur n supporter nl' cuiuliustien :tml is therefore well adapted toserve asa diluent whenV mixed in pmper prnyurtiuns with the draft current uf air., There is thus ebtained :L slowburning inflated flame whose ceullnssren is maintained throughout', n, long distance lrnm the grate, the continuance o ignition being nnured by the heat-retzining character 0i .the region in which the combustion takes place, The activity of this Hanne s then locally intensified in a desired region by suitable means such as a pressure jet 0l n gaseous character which brings tn- -gethcr ur :lgitatcs nt n. prcrctcrfnincd pnint the ingredients el Lhc llnmn und Consequently prndncn :t greater activity in thc (rmnlmstien nt the peint: where the jct` takes effect.

lll-.my nl' the advantages of the invention may he rcnlizcd Withnut canning any relative Shilling nl' thc rcgipn of luCul intensilicatien nl combustion hut. the invcntilm further cnntmnplntcs causing this rcginn to shilt nr trau-'cl with respect te the mntcrinl under trentluent, so that :my predetermined length er aren of the object ur material may be subjected to the locali/@d cfnnlnlstinn, thereby giving nu even fmrl rcgulnr heat thronghnut this length 01' nrc-n, In practice 1 prefer te intensify the ncl inn (si the ,flame in a. series of rcstricted regicms or :irma successively, and the specific rnc-nus employed muy to this end consist nl :t Series of nozzles through which an ninjet is projected in Succession The effect is somewhat that of a traveling brush of nnieA Ul' the twcmnlmnying dr-.twngsfr Figure l represents n. longitudinali vertical scctinn ef :t rcvrhratnry heat` 1n; furnace shewing the nm'cl features nf cunstrnctinn and adapted wCarry ont my improved prucess. Figs. 2 and 3 represent horizont-nl scc! iunnl details nl' the valvemeelntnisnl for Shilling the jet.

The saine reference characters indicate the sanne parte in all the figures.

In the llmwi ngi, 10 is n long hnrizonlnl chamber ennstituing the lztlmrztlnry or hearth-chamber n :i nrnnce which is adapted Ier the heating nf vnriuns nntterinls, the #nid chmhber lneingY provided with n furnace l1 shown m, une end thereof :md having grate l2, lireclnnnher 13 ublwc the grate and ash-pit, 14 helnw the same, the tiring and :relient-lungs having suitable doors normally kept closed tu prevent access nl' pure er nudi lined n.51'. AL lheuppnnile end in n slack I7.

lS indicates the materiale supported nn the floor or lien-nh 19 nud Adapted te he heated hy subjection m thc thune freni the lire-hex l l.

In the mmf of the urnnce are a series nl nozzles 20 20 :t1-ranged in n ruw longitudinally of the furnace and punling downwardly tnwnrd the hearth, said nozzles connecting by pipcs 2l 2l with the casing 22 et' a valremcclmnism 23 containing n. valve 24 reciprocaed by a cnmk-shnt 25, and having uppnsite ports 2G 2B. Cempresed nir is supplied lay mennsuf an nilconlpressor 29, to the interim nf the valve through a pipe 28 cnntairb ing a. flexible er telescopic Election (not shown), the nir being preferably preheated, as hy means nl the flucgases in a stack heater 30. The pressure may be any thing sufficient terpenctmte the gas-current and 'mini or condense its ingredients at the peint where the jet @peraies. The jet, (lues net necessarily contribute any com siderable volume to the gases passing through the furnace, The valve carries two shutters 27 27 intersecting the valvesports 26 and themselves having non-coincident ports 27() 270 which are brought successively into `register with the inlet ends ol' the pipes 21 by the movement of Valve 24, the shutters 27 being shifted at the end of each stroke by encountering the end-Vall o1' casing 22 so as to bring one group and then the other of pipes 2l into connection with the interior of the valve, The stationary ports 290 may if desired be of different `Widths, and to make them interchangeable the removable boxes 280 are provided.

A small portion of the stack-gases is drawn back through a pipe 31 and forced by'a fan blower 32 into the ash-pit 14 in company with a predetermined proportion of air entering through an inlet 33, there being preferably about three or four volumes of air to one of the neutral diluent, the proportion being regulated by valves air and neutral diluent in the mixture discharged into the lire-box will vary with the temperature and the percentages of the various gaseous constituents contained in the former.

In the operation o my invention the presence of the diluent gases in the draft supplied by the fan 32 to the ash-pit 14 and forced through the bed of fuel on grate 12 considerably retards the combustion and renders the heating agent which passes off from the fire-box slow burning and voluminous, as more fully described in my aforesaid patent. The operation of the valve mechanism 23 projects the pressure jets in succession through the several nozzles 2i), which jets have the effect of loealizing and intensifying the combuslion of the flame or -gas-current from the fire-box by furnishing a local e cess of oxygen, which, under the well understood laws governing combustion, accelerates the burning of the mixed oxygen and fuel gas already present in the flame. Using heated air, less of it is necessary to produce this result which is more physical than chemical. A needling jet of hot air directed through the inflated tardily burning Haine 'rn the furnace chamber, produces a localized rapid combustion in its vicinity. Since the jets are directed toward the hea'i'th they cause the flame to mpinge more directly upon the materials 1S, and thereby .subject said materials directly to the action of those fuel-gases which would otherwise burn in the top of the heaith-chamber and waste their heat. As the jet is projected in succession from the several nozzles, the effect is that of a llame with a shifting terminus, whereby the materials are heated throughout a predetermined area.

The carbon dioxid of tinprodurisrof combustion exercises both a speciiic prohibitive action upon thel formation of more carbon dioxid by oxidation of the fuel by ihr,I irait current and also is in part reduced to carA bon monoxid, both reactions cooperating to'make the irf: run cool. ln its two-stage combustion carbon, speaking roughly, gives out 3i) per cent. of its total heat in forming mouoxid und thi.` remaining iu forming dioxid i'roul the monoxid. bustiou is' to mohoxid is relatively-cool, :mdiiu-rr-i'ore :t so, to I'orlu l||r|||o\'i i from iioxi'i ailui iurimll nu across olV lwui is|||eo sury,\u'liur1:ii'iiou sl'udolilr-rluir (loluiulsIi-o.: ou ilu glut'` boing rclurdvd bolli by liul spcriiif rl-ior'iimfau-l ion oi ilu- ':ubou dilmid und by liu:

relatively low temperatures prevailing, much `of the draft current passes through unchanged to dilute the combustible gas, or carbon monoxid, formed from the fuel. In this gaseous mixture, the carbon dioxid exercises its specilic retarding action to slow up thc combustionlof the monoxid to form dioxid, and as there is very little, if any, excess of oxygen present, this fact also retards such combustion. Itis well known that an excess of oxygen must be present lor rapid combustion of any fuel; 20 per cent. excess, the furnaccman often estimates in running reverbcratories. The result of these conditions in the present invention is that the reverberatory chamber is filled with a Haine atmosphere; a body of gas which is burning tardily but uniformly throughout, in lieu of in strata as with ordinary flames. The impieging jets of air, furnishing the necessary excess of oxygen, set up a rapid and intense combustion wherever they penetrate this flame atmosphere.

Air as the material for the jet and solid fuel as a means for supplying the h ating gases have been selected as they are believed to lie the most practical agents for carrying on the process, but it will be understood that the broad invention is not confined to the use of these specilic agencies.

The art of conducting combustionin roverberatory furnaces by ineansof a slow-burning flame produced as above described is claimed in a separate application Serial No. 223,800.

1, A furnace comprising u hearth chamber, means for supplyingr u llame thereto, means for iocaiiziug the combustion of said llame nt a predetermined point, and automatic menus to cause suiil point to travel relatively to the hearth.

2. A furnace comprising a hearth-chamber, means for heating the same, o series of jet-outlets directed Vinto said chamber, und automatic means for supplying to said outlets in surcession nir to localize the combustion in said chamber` I5. A ful-nare comprising a. heartlrchamber, means for supplying a izuue thereto, a series of jet-outlets directed into said cheminee and distributed longitudinally thereof, und automatic means for supplying uit' to Suid outlets in succession. A

4, A furnace comprising n hearth-chamber, a series of -iet-outlets directed thereinto, an uit' compressor' to supply said outlets, and automatic mechanism' distributing the compressed ntl-.successively to 'said outlets.

V. A reverherntoryWurnacwenmprlslng a hearth-cham im n normally el w et'efol, -n stack, al conduit renner-illu; the'st rie-box inta point o! the lutter anterior Ain ilieygseat of combustion, rz-series ai' jetonrlets in the roof of the henrth-chamlrie1` directed toward the hearth, un air-compressor to supply said outlets, and automatic valveniechunism for connecting said outlets ln succession. with the alrvcompressol.

(l, A furnace comprising a hearth-chamber having heut y retaining walls, n seat oi combustion, vmeans for passing riierelhrough n druft current of admlxed ulr and products of combustion ln controlled proportions, and means for successively and automatically passing into difierent portions ol ilu: henrill-cllulnber, jets al' uit under pressure.

Tf A furnace comprising u liearrh-clmmber, a chimney stuck tlierolrlun, nu uir heater in thefslnck, u series of jet nozzles |uur,|rntl|u,r the wulls of the hearth-cheminer, nutouullll: mechanism Ior causing hot nir from the "enter to llow ulivruulely und suer-vintivcly` through euch of suld puzzles, l

s, furu 'r emuprlsim: .n hurth-elurmimr, xiiellimney slm-li therefor, u urule For burning fuel, u lnor-umili,"closed usll pil thereunder," pimconnectlon I'rmu the stuck L-mlini,r ruulvr iingrunprovldml will hierin @resuming u llow :minimis of oir with unid guru-s, und lllrnnu for successively ben jadmlxing mav excess o! gir with the llame products Yfrom the grate ai. a plurality o! points within the hearth @haar f4. A'furnace comprising a henrthmimmher, n source o! iardly burning dilated flame therefor, a series o! jet-npz` zles penetrating the 'walls 0i' the chamber and automatle means'tor directing a jet of air nlternnteiyand successively through each of said nozzles to impnge on me flame l within the chamber. l

v 10v A furnace eom'prislnga heartllfchamber, a source ef tardiiy burning dilated llame, s. series ofjet-mzaes genel trating the walls' of the chamber, and mea'ls for 'lrectlng a jet of hof air alternately and sucesslyely through each of su'ld no zzlg to'lmpinge on the Esme within the chamber.

with small and controlled proportions 0f products of com pleiecomlsuslion. A l

12. A furnace comprising a revrberatory irearthfehamber, a normal-ly closed grate ehamljer provided with a l grate, means for supplying; to said grate chamber onder the grate nu aeeeler'nted draft of air diluted irl `centrgslled .prnpnrrluns with products of cmnplerc combustinn and menus 'for completing und accnlernt'm combustion of the 1l. A furnace comprising@ reverberatory hearihcllam-- iger. a. normally Vcloned )grate chamber provided with-' Y grate, and 'means for-supplying to saidgrate ehamlmr below the grate an accelerated draft of air upiformly'diluted ,ailment-trom the grate within the reverberutqry hearth chamber by impinglng jets of hot allav g 1-1. A furnace comprising,v 'nrevezberatery iaeurthelmw grate, means for supplyirig te said grate'clmmhernder th. grnte ne accelerated draft of air diluted in controlled proportions with products of complete combustion, arid Aaliment from the grate by a series of successively acting impiugingjets of sir at diexentpoints within said rever4V heatoryixcartll chamber.

VASigned af. New York clty,v-In the ycounty-of New AYQk, and Stute oi New York, this 6th day ot SeptemberfA. D. 1904.

BYRON E. ELDBEDQ I l'ltnesses:l

CMAS, ll. Crum: M. A. Morm.

means-for completing and accelerating combustion o! tllo Der, a normally closed grate chamber provided with a,

'means for completing and accelerating combustion of the 

